Investigating the effect of observation interval on GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou static PPP

GNSS observation intervals can be tuned from low rate to high rates (such as 300 1 s) for the specific applications. In this study, effect of sampling 1, 5, 15, and 30 s on convergence time positioning accuracy static precise point is investigated using high-rate data 26 IGS (International Service)-MGEX (Multi-GNSS Experiment) stations over a three-week period in 2020. Six different constellations – namely, GPS-only, GLONASS-only, Galileo-only, BeiDou-2-only, BeiDou-3-only, multi-GNSS (GPS+GLONASS+Galileo+BeiDou-2+BeiDou-3) are processed PPP. The results show that use higher significantly reduces PPP each constellation. Maximum improvements between found 55%, 60%, 55% north, east, up components, respectively, Galileo However, indicates slightly degrades converged constellation except BDS-3 modes. demonstrate satellite clock interpolation error mainly responsible degradation at compared with orbit error.